[Nethra K Putti]

MANKIND THROUGH THE AGES B.C & A.D (THE 1ST MILLENNIUM)

AGES : B.C
About 4-3.5million : The First hominid, Australopithecus, appeared in East Africa.

• 2.5 = homo habits used stone tools in africa
• 1.7 = first structured habitats built by homo habits.
• 1.5 = homo erectus lived in East Africa
  
• 5,00,000 = homo erectus lived in China
• 2,00,000 = homo sapiens originated in Africa.
• 60,000 to 35,000 = Ice-Age land bridge between Asia & Alaska allowed migration from Siberia to Americans.
• 50,000 = Modern humans in Asia
• 40,000 = Modern humans in Australia
• 35,000 = Modern humans in Europe
• 30,000 = Tools in use in Japan
• 23,000 = Modern humans in the America.
• 15,000 = Cave Wall paintings made of Lascanx, France; Agriculture first practised in Egypt; Pottery-making; Jomon culture began in Japan.
• 9000 = South America settled by peoples from C.America.
• 8400 = Domesticated dogs in America.
• 8000 = Mesopotamia & Egypt has reed boats, & NW Europe used dug out canoes; Last glaciers melted in Britain & the climate warmed.
• 7500 = Goats & Sheep were domesticated in Middle East; first agriculture in SW Asia.
• 7000 = Walled settlements at Jericho.
• 6000 = First Farming communities appeared in SE Europe; S.Sweden was inhabited.

A.D - > FIRST MILLENNUIM :
A.D.1 = Gold, Silver, Copper, Lead, Iron, Tin & Mercury known.

• 37 = Tibertius dies & Caligula succeeds him.
• 43 = Invasion of Britain by Romans.
• 57 = 1st Japanese envoys to China.
• 78 = Books published by Pliny the Elder.
• 91 = invasion of Mongolia by Hans.
• 105 = China makes Paper.
  
• 106 = Jordan is part of Roman province of Arabia.
• 122 = Hardian's Wall built in Britain.
• 175 = Galden, the Greek physician establishes the basic principles of anatomy & physiology.
• 200 = Huns invade Afghanistan; Boats that can sail across the directions of the wind made by Arabs & Romans; Chemical techniques of solution; Filteration & Distillation known.
• 226 = Sassanian empire founded in Persia.
• 330 = Emperor Constantine the Greek Shifts seat of power to Byzantium; renamed Constantinople.
• 342 = the protectorate of Bosporus destroyed Huns.
• 360 = Invasions of Europe by Huns.
• 375 = Kalidasa's Shakuntala appears making Sanskrit drams's glory in India.
• 400 = 100 years of invasions by Picts,Saxons, Jutes & Angles into Britain begin.
• 433 = Attila is ruler of the Huns.
• 452 = Founding of Venice.
• 490 = Ostrogoths conquer Italy.
• 500 = Huns again control over NW India.
• 507 = Visigoths are expelled from France by Franks.
• 508 = Paris is made capital by Clovis.
• 525 = Abyssinians conquer Yemen.
• 534 = N.Africa is reconquered by Byzantines.
• 539 = War between Byzantines & Persia.
• 542 = The Plague spreads.
• 550 = End of Gupta Empire in India.
• 563 = St. Columba founds a monastery on Lona.
• 572 = War between Byzantine Empire & Persia.
• 590 = St. George the Great is elected Pope.
• 600 = In India, Harsha dynasty in spower; A decimal number system developed.
• 616 = Khmer Empire founded in SE Asia.
• 618 = Persians conquer Egypt; Tang dynasty's beginning in China.
• 633 = Arabs conquer Egypt.
• 638 = Burma founded.
• 641 = Arabs conquer Egypt.
  
• 644 = China invades Korea.
• 697 = Arabs destroy Carthage.
• 700 = Hinduism begins to drive Buddhism from India.
• 710 = Nara is capital of Japan
• 711 = Moors invade Spain.
• 712 = Muslims conquer Sind.
• 740 = Gurjara dynasty unites N.India & defeats Arabs.
• 750 = St. Boniface takes Christianity from England into Germany.
• 751 = the Carolingian dynasty founded, after the last Merovingian King of the Franks is deposed.
• 760 = Turkish empire founded; Baghdad founded.
• 771 = Charlemagne conquers Saxony.
• 794 = the Heian period begins in Japan, with Kyoto as capital.
• 800 = Rajputs begin to set up Kingdom in India; City of Machu Pichu(Peru) developed.
• 809 = death of Haroun-al-Rashid, beginning 200 years of Chaos in Arab Empire.
• 826 = Arabs conquer Crete.
• 832 = Sicily captured by Saracens.
• 840 = Dublin founded by Danes.
• 844 = Scotland unified.
• 845 = Buddhism proscribed in China.
• 846 = Rome sacked by Arabs.
• 850 = the Acropolis of Zimbabwe built in S.Africa
• 869 = Malta captured by Arabs.
• 871 = Alfred the Great is King of Wessex
• 885 = Viking siege of Paris.
• 899 = King Alfred dies.
• 907 = Chola power established in S.India; the Five dynaties & Ten Kingdoms period begins in China.
• 909 = Fatimid dynasty founded in N.Africa.
• 925 = End of classical Maya Period in Yucatan.
• 930 = Iceland's parliament first convened.
• 936 = Otto id King of Germany.
• 959 = Edger is King of all England
• 960 = China's Song dynasty begins.
• 962 = Otto I of Germany is Holy Roman Emperor.
• 985 = Toltecs control Mexico.
• 987 = League of Mayan Founded in S.America.
• 991 = Renewed Viking raids on England.
• 994 = London besieged by Danes & Norseman.
• 1000 = Leif Ericsson discovers N.America; Bohemia & Moravia united; Sridhara recognises the importance of the Zero.