 Geographical Thoughts
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Geographical Thoughts
[top]Homer (Greek) Earth to be circular, sky resting on pillars in the charge of Atlas mount. Bores- north winds: Eurus-east Notus:south Zebhyrus:west 1100 to 1200 BC Earth a disc floating on water Predicted an eclipse on May 28,585 BC 7th century BC [top]Anaximinder Introduced GNOMON in Greece Prepared first map of the world Father of Geography:treated treated the Caspian Sea as a bay of eastern sea; India and Indus river were also plotted in his map. Book-GES PERIODOS Land mass divided in two continents: Land between the caspian sea and Persian gulf was plotted as “Media” Father of History; tried to draw a meridian on a map first time from Egypt to Cilicia and mouth of Ister(Danube); the Nile flows west to east; first to divide earth in three continents,Asia Europe and Africa He was ignorant of the Persian gulf; First to regard the Caspian sea as an inland sea; Explained the process of Delta formation; tried to establish a relationship between temp. and winds 485-425 BC [top]Eratosthenes Father of Geodesy First to measure the length of the equator(25000 miles) First to develop the system of latitudes and longitudes; Regarded the earth as a sphere located in the centre of the universe; Book-the Ekumene 276 – 194 BC Discovered the precession of equinoxes and calculated the length of the year The Orthographic and the stereographic projections were designed by him Was an astronomer; Invented an instrument called Astrolabe Converted a sphere into a plane; Complied first known star catalogue 129 BC The highest temperature zone was near the tropics not on the equator Book – the ocean Explained the occurrence of high and neap tides Father of Regional Geography; Declared geography as a chorological science Book – Geographica Stressed on the division of the world into natural and not into political boundaries 64 Bc – 64 AD Quote “geography is a science which deals with the art of map making” Plotted bay of Bengal first time, source of the ganges in the Himalayas Gave the source of the blue nile in the lake tanza Book– theAlmagast (details of mathematical theory of motion of the sun the moon and planets) Book- the guide to geography (theory of map projections) 90-168 AD [top]Classical period Book – geopraphia generalis Highest temp on tropics not the equator First to divide geo in 1.general of universal geo 2. special geo or chorography(regional geo) 1622-1650 [top]Immaneul Kant His physical geo can be considered as ‘anthropocentric’ Books – general natural history and theory of the ehavens 1724-1804 (Russia) First to measure the elevation of Spanish masta , explored the valenia lake in venezuela ; Gave the idea og digging the Panama canal; Established the concept of continentally ; Believer of inductive method; All human races are of common origin Was an agnostic Established a positive relationship between forest and rainfall First to observe and record cold current on peru; Temp varies on the same latitudes moving inwards from coast; Book – kosmos Coined termed as Uranography, cosmography and geography 1790-1859 [top]Carl Ritter A teleogist Developed the concept of unity in diversity Quote ‘ we must ask the earth for its laws’ and ‘the outer shell of the earth is the area of geo study and not the entire earth’ Deductive method Book- erkunde 1779-1859 [top]Friedrich Ratzel Father of human geography Deductive method Deterministic approach Book- political geo(lebensraum) Coined the term ‘ anthropogeopraphy”(Book also) Gave organic theory of state “lebensraum” 1844-1904 [top]Vidal lablache Advocated ‘possiblism’ Book- human geography ; Natural and cultural phenomena should be regarded inseparable “nature is never more than an advisor” “there is no necessities but everywhere possibilities” Developed the idea of “terrestrial unity” [top]Ellsworth huntigton An environment determinist Books-1. pulse of Asia and civilization and climate Followed quantitative approach in the measurement of civilization Studied human groups in the light of their weather and climate Book- principle of human geography Changes in the sun are major cause of changes in the terrestrial climate 1876-1947 [top]Ellen semple Books-influences of geographic environment, and American history conditions “man is a product of earth’s surface” Man can scientifically studied only by the ground he tills or the land over which he travels A determinist , follower of Ratzel 1863-19
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Created by bhupen, 12-29-2007 at 01:08 PM
Last edited by kushal, 12-30-2007 at 12:07 AM 1 Comments
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