[bhartipb]

hi everyone ,

hope this info helps!!!!!!!

GEOGRAPHY

CONTINENT OF AFRICA

• African continent is separated from Europe by Mediterranean Sea and from Asia by Red Sea.
• It touches Eurasia at 3 pts: -

Strait of Gibralter in North-West.
Suez Canal in North-East.
Strait of Bab-el-Mandab in East.

• Africa consist of several plateaus, plateau is higher in South and East.
• RIFT VALLEY – One of special physical features of Africa. A Rift Valley is a long and deep valley formed due to cracks or rifts in the land. Running from south of Lake Malawi northward to Red Sea and then through Gulf of Suez and the Gulf of Aqfuaba to DeadSea.
• Kilimanjaro Mt.: Highest peak of Africa. Situated in Tanzania.
• Pemba / Zanzibar: Tiny Island situated off the Coast of Tanzania. Biggest producer and exporters of cloves in the world.
• Arranged from west to east, the Atlantic Coasts of South West Africa are Grain coast, Ivory coast, Gold coast and Slave coast (GIGS).
• SWAHILI – A language understood by many people.
• ANIMISM – Religion followed by many tribes (love and respect of Nature).
• Prime Meridian (Greenwich Line) pass through Algeria, Mali, Burkina Faso and Ghana arranged from North to South. It also cuts Togo, Lake Volta and River Niger.
• Both Tropic of Cancer and Prime Meridian cross each other at ALGERIA
• Equator and Greenwich meet at “South Atlantic Ocean”.

TROPIC OF CAPRICORN PASSES THROUGH

(arranged from west to east) :

COUNTRY
CAPITAL
1. Namibia
Windhoek
2. Botswana
Gaborone
3. South Africa
Pretoria
4. Mozambique
Maputo
5. Madagascar
Antan
Anarivo

TROPIC OF CAPRICORN PASSES THROUGH NAMIB DESERT AND THE LIMPOPO RIVER.

EQUATOR PASSES THROUGH THE FOLLOWING COUNTRIES (arranged from east to west)

COUNTRY
CAPITAL

SOME FACTS
1. Somalia
Mogadishu

2. Kenya
Nairobi

Mt. Kenya located on Equator
3. Uganda
Kampala
Equator passes thro. Lake Victoria & L. Edward
4. Democratic Rep of Congo
Kinshasa

Cap. Located on R. Zaire
5. Congo
Brazzaville

Cap. Located on R. Zaire
6. Gabon
Franceville (Libreville)

EQATOR CUTS THE R. ZAIRE (CONGO) TWICE

CLIMATE AND NATURAL VEGETATION

• Latitudes – 37o14’N to 34o50’S. Africa is most tropical of all continents.
• AL-AZIZIYAH (Libya) – Highest temperature in world (58oC).
• Cape DEBUNDSHA (Cameroon): Wettest place in Africa (1029cm)
• WADI HALFA (Sudan): Driest place (<2.5mm rainfall)
• EQUATORIAL TYPE OF CLIMATE – It rains daily at belt lying along the equator on both sides and has a hot, wet climate (Hot-Wet Summer). Here forest is TROPICAL RAIN FOREST.
• SUDAN TYPE OF CLIMATE – To North and South of Equatorial Climate. Warm Summers & Mild Winters. Most of Rain in summers. Distinct dry period. Vegetation is mostly grasses.
• SAVANNA – The region covered with tall and coarse grasses is known as Savanna.
• DESERT TYPE OF CLIMATE – No rainfall. Climate is hot and dry. Vegetation is wholly absent or includes only shrubs and bushes.
• MEDITERRANEAN TYPE – Northern and Southern coasts of Africa have mild and RAINY WINTERS with DRY SUMMERS.

MINERALS

• Diamond – 95% of world’s diamond production comes from Africa.
• Gold – More than ½ Gold production is from Africa. South Africa is major producer.
• Platinum – South Africa is a major producer.
• Not much coal and iron or in this continent, which hampered production of steel & industrial growth.
• South Africa – Leads the world in CHROMIUM (does not rust), Gold and Platinum.
• Petroleum – ANGOLA, NIGERIA and LIBYA.

[chanda_s]

bhartipb, it is definitely very valuable information. keep posting.

[kushal]

Kindly post all your articles in the wiki segment of each area. We have removed the limitation of 500 Posts or 2500 reputation points as benchmark of posting into knowledge base wiki. There is also no moderation of the wiki segment while creating a thread. As it is wiki, every act of editing is public, and one who edits, add, modify becomes the contributor.

I again repeat, kindly post any of the article in the wiki segment, and use the discussion forum for only discussions or queries.

[bhartipb]

Right sir , i will keep that in mind next time .

[anbu1123]

@bhartipb

it was an useful information..i appreciate the effort...but i'd like to add something...

The Equator passes through 7 and not just 6 countries in Africa...

the 7th country,the thing you left out is "Sao Tome and Principe"...it's a small island country in the West..

Country:Sao Tome and Principe
Capital:Sao Tome

Similarly,The Tropic of Cancer passes through 7 countries...
from E->W

COUNTRY :CAPITAL
1. Sudan : Khartoum
2. Libya :Tripoli
3. Chad : Ndjamena
4. Niger : Niamey
5. Algeria : Algiers
6. Mali : Bamako
7. Mauritania : Nouakchott

So,in all 7 countries pass through the Tropic of Cancer and Equator.....and 5 countries pass through the Tropic of Capricorn....

[chanda_s]

thanks for pointing out, anbu1123.

heres a photograph of a structure that marks equator in Ilehu das rolas, an islet in the archipelago of Sao tome and Principe.

Attachment 41

[anbu1123]

ok sir..i dont know where you got that pic..good one..

now sir,i've got a suggestion...again,i dont know if i could post it in here..anyway,my idea is this..what about starting a thread for each continent and the related details about that continent to be discussed in that particular thread?
it should be a good reference thing..

[chanda_s]

definitely yes. but ensure you post in wiki to enable editing and corrections.

[anbu1123]

sure sir...