[ratna]

APPLICATION OF PHYTOHORMONES IN Agriculture AND HORTICULTURE :
Phytohormones, because of their effects on plant growth and differentiation, they have been used in various fields of Agriculture, horticulture and other related areas.

1) Auxins and Gibberellins are used in inducing parthenocarpy. Parthenocarpic fruits arc seedless, at the same time they arc larger and sweeter. GAs enhance the sugar content of sugarcancs.

2) Spraying of auxins to fruit plants like orange, lemon, apple etc, prevents the premature falling of the fruits by inhibiting the formation of abscission layers. Premature falling causes greater economic loss to cultivators. This can be prevented by the use of auxins.

3) Some of the synthetic auxins can be used in removing weeds growing in farms and agricultural fields. Certain hormones specifically weed out monocots, like grasses and some destroy dicots, for eg. 2,2-dichloropropionic acid removes grasses, while 2-4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) & 2, 4, 5,-Trichloro phenoxy acetic acid (2,4,5-T) are employed in weeding out dicots.

4) Auxins are effectively used in inducing rooting in vegetatively propogating stem cuttings.
5) Auxins like Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and maleic hydrazides arc used in prolonging the dormancy period. Thus the storage & shelf life of potato, corms, bulbs, etc, can be prolonged.

6) Synthetic as well as natural hormones arc extensively used in the propogation of various horticultural and silvicultural plants through tissue culture and somatic hybridization techniques:.

7) Abscissic acid can be used to obtain uniform harvesting of citrus fruits and cotton balls.

8) Ethylene can be used for quick ripening of fruits for marketing.



pls add additional information on this topic.

[varaprasad_k]